Artificial intelligence (AI) is impacting various industries, and civil engineering is no exception. With rising challenges in infrastructure and beyond, civil engineers are beginning to turn to AI to enhance efficiency, improve safety, and foster sustainable practices.
Because the development of AI is in its infant stages, there is still much room for improvement, as well as a certain amount of mistrust to overcome. It has been noted by ASCE that “much civil engineering knowledge exists primarily in people’s minds, in the memories and experiences of the field’s professionals, rather than in other, more easily accessible resources.” Interestingly, AI relies on existing data to improve its own databases, and so it simply cannot replace human thought processes, which relies instead on unique work experience and knowledge that exists outside of the digital realm.
However, as in other industries, there may be some benefit in the way it could streamline processes and more efficiently analyze data. From concept to construction, here are a few ways AI might be integrated into civil engineering, making an impact on the continually growing field.
1. Predictive Maintenance
A promising use of AI in CE includes predictive maintenance, which could analyze data from sensors embedded in infrastructure, such as bridges and roads. By monitoring factors like stress, vibrations, and environmental conditions, AI could predict when maintenance will be required. The use of digital modeling can be used to conceptually apply factors that haven’t yet happened, such as unusual weather patterns, to ensure that future builds can withstand many different scenarios. This proactive approach helps prevent catastrophic failures, reduces downtime, and ultimately saves money by allowing for timely repairs.
2. Project Management
Managing large-scale construction projects involves numerous variables—schedules, budgets, resources, and labor. While AI should not replace a project manager, helpful tools can streamline these processes. For instance, AI can optimize project scheduling by considering weather patterns, resource availability, and crew productivity. By predicting potential issues before they arise, project managers can make informed decisions that keep projects on track and within budget.
3. Site Analysis
AI is also making strides in site analysis, a critical step in the planning and execution of civil engineering projects. Drones equipped with AI technology can capture high-resolution images of construction sites. These images are then processed by AI algorithms to assess topography, identify potential hazards, and evaluate soil conditions. This data-driven approach allows engineers to make better-informed decisions regarding site preparation and construction methods, ultimately leading to safer and more efficient projects.
As technology continues to evolve, the potential applications of AI in civil engineering will only expand, paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient future. Ayanna Howard, Ph.D., Dean of The Ohio State University College of Civil Engineering, iterates that most of us already use AI in some way in our daily lives, and generative AI as a tool has the possibility to make processes more effective and efficient. Britt Smith, former NSPE President, also reminds us that AI, for all its possibilities, cannot police itself, noting that “[it is] critical that we ensure that the development of AI regulations makes protection of the public a top priority.” Moving forward, it seems that a cautious exploration of AI could be beneficial in streamlining the work of civil engineers, thereby enhancing the quality of life for communities worldwide.
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